The Interaction of Precipitation and Man

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Abstract
Every part of the hydrological cycle has been tampered with; runoff is stored behind dams, evaporation is reduced by coating water surfaces with suitable monolayers, transpiration losses are reduced by removing phreatophytes, and ground water is recharged by water spreading and pumping (fig. 3.III.1). It is now clear that, under suitable conditions, natural precipitation can be artificially modified. Even where the actual amount of water cannot be tampered with, man’s response to its occurrence is far from passive, in that he changes its circulation by the use of irrigation and, as a last resort, gambles on its occurrence by crop insurance. Fig. 3.III.1 Some points of human intervention in the world hydrological cycle. https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003170181/c8e302ab-b926-4a23-8899-bcb1f3c32b5f/content/fig67.tif"/> 1. Seeding of hurricane eye-wall. 2. Seeding of orographic cloud. 3. Seeding of thunderstorm. 4. Ground-based silver iodide seeding. 5. Dispelling hail by rocket. 6. Interference with sea-surface evaporation. 7. Irrigation below dam. 8. Artificial reservoir. 9. Water spreading and ground-water recharge. 10. A ‘thermal mountain’. 11. Needles in orbit. 12. Local fog dispersion.

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