Meeting maximum residue limits: an improved screening technique for the rapid detection of antimicrobial residues in animal food products

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Abstract
A rapid, high-throughput antimicrobial screening assay was developed using either a physical fluid extraction or a solvent extraction technique coupled to the commercially available Premi®Test. The solvent extraction approach was fully validated for a wide range of tissues and the fluid extraction approach partially validated for porcine muscle. Both procedures can detect a wide range of antimicrobial compounds at or below maximum residue limit concentrations. The use of a solvent extraction provides an enhanced test capable of detecting a wider range of drugs than the fluid extraction approach at or below half maximum residue limit levels in a variety of matrices. Biochemical methods for the class-specific identification of β-lactams and sulphonamides following initial screening were developed and validated. The approach is a significant improvement on existing methodologies as a tool for residues monitoring in surveillance programmes.