Dynamics of nuclear Overhauser enhancement in proton decoupled carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance

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Abstract
The contribution of nuclear Overhauser enhancements to signal intensities in proton decoupled 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra can be determined by comparing the spectrum obtained with continuous proton irradiation to the spectrum obtained with a gated decoupler technique. The gated decoupler technique utilizes a sequence of acquiring data with the decoupler on followed by a delay time with the decoupler turned off; under appropriate conditions, it gives a fully decoupled spectrum with no nuclear Overhauser enhancements. The mathematical relationship describing the delay requirements for accurate intensity comparisons depends on the ratio of the acquisition and delay times to the longitudinal relaxation time of the carbon, as well as on the magnitude of the nuclear Overhauser enhancement.