A Study of Tribological Phenomena in Friction Couple: Brake Composite Material—Steel

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Abstract
An investigation has been made of the mechanism of the iron layer formation on brake friction materials sliding over a steel surface. The nature of the metallization of specimens of friction materials, as well as changes in the surfaces as a result of sliding, were studied by optical and scanning-electron microscopy, electron-probe microanalysis, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, gas chromatograph analysis, and microhardness measurements. Based on this work and on reviews of some of the most recent results concerning the wear of friction materials, a hypothesis of the metallization of friction linings (iron layer formation) is presented. A model of a tribological system for a frictional brake as well as a model of the subsurface layers of composite brake materials is described.