Osteoporosis: A Review of Pathogenesis and Treatment

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Abstract
Decrease in bone mass in osteoporosis results from an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption. Post-menopausal or senile osteoporosis may result from decreased formation with normal resorption; however, recent studies involving bone-seeking isotopes suggested that formation is normal or slightly increased while resorption is increased. Dietary studies in England and United States indicate that patients ingest less Ca. Osteoporosis in hypercortisonism is due mainly to decreased formation. In that accompanying hyperthyroidism increased resorption is important factor. In osteoporosis of disuse, osteoporosis of malnutrition, osteogenesis-imperfecta and so-called idiopathic osteoporosis of young adults decreased bone mass is due primarily to reduction in new formation. A variety of therapeutic approaches including sex hormones, Ca supplements, vitamin-D, high protein diet and mobilization were recommended. Relief of pain and improved Ca retention have been demonstrated after therapy with anabolic hormones and Ca administration.
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