The association of a congenital cardiac anomaly and an inflammatory process of the heart valves is well known. A congenital anomaly of the heart with inflammation of the pulmonary artery with or without valvular endocarditis, however, is unusual. The object of this article is to record an instance of pulmonary arteritis with thrombotic occlusion of the pulmonary bulb and the patent ductus arteriosus in a child aged 8 years. This particular association of arteritis with a congenital cardiac anomaly is unusual, as shown in the following survey. The accompanying table includes nineteen cases of patent ductus arteriosus with arteritis of the pulmonary artery. In only three of these (Krzyszkowski,1 1902; Hamilton and Abbott,2 1914; Schlaepfer, 1926) were the heart valves intact and the inflammatory process restricted to the pulmonary artery and the ductus arteriosus. In the remaining sixteen cases a valvular endocarditis was present in addition to the inflammatory lesion