Plus Lenses, Prisms, and Bifocal Effects on Myopia Progression in Military Students

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Abstract
Students of the Naval Academy Preparatory School (NAPS) [Virginia, USA] class of 1978-1979 were randomly divided into 3 groups: 1/3 of the class received their correction for distant vision with a no. 1 pink tint to be used for reading (the placebo group); 1/3 received +1.25 D added to their distance correction with 2.DELTA. base-in each eye, in glasses to be used for reading; and 1/3 of the class received bifocals, incorporating their distance correction with a +1.50 D near addition. The refractive error at distance for all 232 students was determined under cycloplegia. At the end of 5 mo. a repeat cycloplegic refraction showed nonsignificant myopic shifts (Wilcoxon test) of -0.08 .+-. 0.29 D in the placebo group, -0.07 .+-. 0.25 D in the plus-with-prism group, and -0.06 .+-. 0.18 D in the bifocal group. This research note is preliminary to a follow-up at academic graduation of these same students from the Naval Academy in 1983.

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