Determination of Toxic Substances Based on Enzyme Inhibition. Part I. Electrochemical Biosensors for the Determination of Pesticides Using Batch Procedures

Abstract
This article reviews the use of potentiometric and amperometric biosensors to determine pesticides using discrete analytical procedures. These measurements are based on the inhibition of an enzyme by the toxic substance under analysis. The present report reviews several such biosensors developed in the last decade and lists their analytical characteristics. The structure of the article is based on the enzyme immobilized in the respective biosensor. These enzymes are cholinesterase, tyrosinase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, acetolactate synthetase, and peroxidase.

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