Chemical Repellents for Reducing Pesticide Hazard to Honeybees in Apple Orchards

Abstract
Ten formulated agrochemicals and 11 non-pesticidal chemicals were tested for possible repellency to honeybees, by presenting them, dissolved in sucrose, at an artificial feeding station. Two insecticides, 7 fungicides and 4 non-pesticidal chemicals had a Repellency Index above 80%. The fungicides, Pallitop, Topas, Bayleton and Melprex, emerged as the most promising materials for use as honeybee repellents in apple orchards.