The Simulation of a Spherically Symmetric Supernova of a 13 Solar Mass Star with Boltzmann Neutrino Transport, and Its Implications for the Supernova Mechanism

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Abstract
With three-flavor Boltzmann neutrino transport, we obtain a supernova explosion of a 13 solar mass star in spherical symmetry, the Newtonian limit, without invoking convection. In the absence of convection, prior spherically symmetric models, which implemented approximations to Boltzmann neutrino transport, failed to produce explosions. Our results demonstrate the qualitative change in supernova models enabled by exact transport and have significant consequences for the supernova mechanism.

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