Conspicuity of Normal and Pathologic Female Pelvic Anatomy: Comparison of Gadolinium-Enhanced T1-Weighted Images and Fast Spin Echo T2-Weighted Images

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Abstract
Our goal was to compare the conspicuity of normal and pathologic female pelvic anatomy between gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images and fast SE (FSE) T2-weighted images. In 48 consecutive female patients, pre- and postenhanced T1-weighted images were compared with FSE T2-weighted images acquired with a phased array coil. Normal zonal anatomy (ZA) and pathologic abnormalities in gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images were rated as increased, decreased, or without change in conspicuity as compared with FSE T2-weighted images. The normal ZA of the uterine corpus on T1-weighted images showed a decrease in conspicuity in 93% of patients and an increase in 7% compared with FSE T2-weighted images. Conspicuity of cervical ZA on T1-weighted images was decreased in 86%, increased in 6%, and without change in 8% as compared with FSE T2-weighted images. ZA of the vagina on T1-weighted images was decreased in 94% and increased in 6% as compared with FSE T2-weighted images. On T1-weighted images, ovarian anatomy delineation was decreased in 95% and increased in 5% as compared with FSE T2-weighted images. Conspicuity of malignant pathologic abnormalities on T1-weighted images was decreased in 81%, increased in 11%, and without change in 8% as compared with FSE T2-weighted images. In patients with benign disease, conspicuity on T1-weighted images was decreased in 92%, increased in none, and without change in 8% as compared with FSE T2-weighted images. The p value for all categories was < 0.0001. Conspicuity of both normal and pathologic anatomy was significantly decreased on enhanced T1-weighted images. The use of gadolinium cannot replace T2-weighted scans for delineation of anatomy and disease and should be reserved to cases in which standard imaging sequences are not sufficiently diagnostic.