Pharmacological Studies on Schizandra Fruits. II. Effects of Constituents of Shizandra Fruits on Drugs Induced Hepatic Damage in Rats

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Abstract
Effects of gomisin A, schizandrin and some analogs, which are lignan components of schizandra fruits, on liver damage induced by various drugs were examined biochemically and histologically. Pretreatment of gomisin A markedly reduced the activities of GOT [glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase], GPT [glutamic pyruvic transaminase], LDH [lactate dehydrogenase], T-BIL [total bilirubin] and T-CHO [total carbohydrate] in the serum elevated by CCl4 and slightly decreased ALP [alkaline phosphatase] activity. Histologically, hepatocellular necrosis by CCl4 was inhibited by pretreatment of gomisin A. Schizandrin, (+)-deoxyschizandrin, deoxygomisin A and dimethylgomisin J also biochemically protected the liver from the injury by CCl4, but the potency of each compound was weaker than that of gomisin A. Gomisin A and schizandrin lowered the elevation of GOT and GPT in the serum induced by galactosamine. The action of gomisin A was stronger than that of schizandrin. Under microscopic observation, gomisin A depressed the appearance of vacuoles. Gomisin A prevented ballooning of liver cells and fat droplets from 1% orotic acid, but not from ANIT [.alpha.-naphthyl isothiocyanate] induced injury biochemically and histologically. By considering chemical structures, it is necessary for lignan compounds to possess a methylenedioxyl moiety at C-12 and -13 positions in exerting the strong inhibitory effect on the liver damage.

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