Exercise duration as a determinant of vascular function and antioxidant balance in patients with coronary artery disease

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Abstract
Background Exercise improves the clinical outcome of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD); however, the ideal exercise duration for each patient remains unclear. Objective To investigate the effects of exercise duration on arterial elastic properties and antioxidant/pro-oxidant mechanisms in patients with CAD. Design, setting, patients, interventions Sixty male patients with CAD were randomised into two groups, and underwent exercise for 30 min or 60 min in a crossover design with 2 weeks' wash-out period. In all participants aortic and radial blood pressures (BP) and arterial elastic properties (augmentation index (AIx)/pulse wave velocity (PWV)) were determined at baseline and 24 h after exercise. Plasma malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)1 and SOD2 levels were also measured. Results Exercise had no effect on aortic and radial BP (p=NS for all). Walking for 30min improved AIx (from 33.79±0.91% to 31.73±0.86%, pConclusion Shorter exercise duration was associated with favourable antioxidant and vascular effects, while longer exercise blunted these beneficial effects and was accompanied by adverse effects on vascular function, mainly in older coronary patients. Further studies are required to explore the hypothesis that a more individualised approach to the selection of the appropriate exercise programme should be considered for patients with CAD.