Transvenous endomyocardial biopsy—application of a method for diagnosing heart disease

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Abstract
Introduction: Although biopsy of the kidney, liver, and many other organs is routine in clinical medicine, biopsy of the heart is infrequently performed. In consequence, little is known of the serial histological changes which occur in non-fatal myocardial disease. Published techniques for obtaining myocardial biopsies have included percutaneous needle biopsy of the left ventricle, catheter needle biopsy of the interventricular septum, and open thoracotomy. The associated morbidity and mortality with these methods have precluded their widespread acceptance (Shirey et al., 1972).

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