Unipolar Bronchial Electrocardiographic Exploration of the Heart in Man

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Abstract
The method for exploring cardiac potentials through the bronchial tree is described in detail. It consists of obtaining unipolar bronchial leads by inserting a thin No. 4 French catheter into the secondary branches of the bronchial tree as near as possible to the surface of the heart. By this method, electrocardiograms can be obtained on the right side which resemble right auricular endocardiograms. On the left side, left ventricular epicardial and cavity potentials are recorded and these are similar to direct left ventricular surface leads, left intraventricular cavity potentials and esophageal leads at the same level. No arrhythmias or serious reactions occurred during or after this procedure. Preliminary findings in 8 cases are discussed in detail.