ABBREVIATIONS. Range and clinical significance of the number of myeloid‐committed stem cells in the blood of patients with acute leukaemia in remission

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Abstract
Circulating granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM) were assayed serially during remission in 17 patients with acute leukemia (9 ALL [acute lymphogic leukemia], 8 AML [acute myeloid leukemia]). In patients with ALL receiving cyclophosphamide, 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate, CFU-GM numbers were significantly lower than in normal individuals; cycles of reinduction chemotherapy (vincristine, prednisolone) caused a 10-fold increase in CFU-GM per ml of blood. In 2 ALL patients a substantial increase in CFU-GM numbers preceded the morphologically detectable relapse. In patients with AML receiving repeated courses of cytosine-arabinoside and 6-mercaptopurine, circulating CFU-GM were likewise reduced. In 6 patients who relapsed, a further reduction of CFU-GM was seen. A complete absence of circulating CFU-GM was observed in 10 of the 23 investigations performed within 6 wk prior to the morphologically detectable relapse, while such a zero-growth occurred in only 1 of 54 experiments performed during stable remission. In patients with ALL in remission, circulating CFU-GM are increased following treatment with vincristine and prednisolone. In patients with AML, declining numbers of circulating CFU-GM may predict an imminent relapse.