Heat and osmotic change in muscular contraction without lactic acid formation

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Abstract
It was shown by Lundsgaard (1930, a ) that a muscle poisoned with mono-iodo-acetic acid (IAA) may give a number of apparently normal contractions without the liberation of any lactic acid. After 50 to 100 twitches a characteristic form of contracture sets in. Phosphagen, as creatine-phosphoric acid (vertebrate muscle), or as arginine-phosphoric acid (crustacean muscle), is broken down (Lundsgaard, 1930, a , 1930, b , 1931), supplying presumably a large part, if not all, of the energy set free. This paper describes an investigation ( a ) of the total heat liberated during stimulation to complete exhaustion in the absence of oxygen, and ( b ) of the resulting change of osmotic pressure. A pair of frog's sartorii (Dutch R. esc .) was mounted on a “double” thermopile of the usual type (Hill, 1928) and placed in a thermostat maintained within about 0.001° at 20.3° C. They were then soaked, in position, for 2 hours, in phosphate Ringer's fluid ( p H 7.2, 10mg. P/100 c. c.) through which oxygen was bubbled. This was then removed and the procedure described by Hill and Kupalov (1930) was carried out to calibrate the apparatus for vapour pressure change.

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