Mini-exon Gene Sequences Define Six Groups within the Genus Crithidia

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Abstract
To develop molecular markers for lower trypanosmatids, we have examined the mini‐exon gene repeats of 17 isolates that were classified as Crithidia by traditional methods. Representative repeats were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and the amplification products were cloned and used as hybridization probes against genomic DNA. Six hybridization groups of Crithidia were defined on the basis of the DNA blotting experiments. The three endosymbiont‐bearing species (C. deanei, C. desouzai and C. oncopelti) and C. acanthocephali each belonged to single‐member hybridization groups, while the C. fasciculata group contained additional named and undesignated species. The Crithidia lucilae thermophila probe hybridized to multiple undesignated isolates. The DNA sequence of the cloned products revealed that the specificity of the hybridization probes was due to substantial differences in the intron and the non‐transcribed spacer regions. These data indicate substantial heterogeneity within the mini‐exon gene locus of the taxon Crithidia.