Preservatives in Cosmetics: Partition Chromatography and Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry

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Abstract
Separation by partition chromatography and determination by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry have been applied to the analysis of 16 preservative chemicals used in cosmetic products. The method, adapted from the official first action method for hexachlorophene, 35.023–35.027, has broad applicability for the determination of preservatives in cosmetics. Among the chemical classes investigated, phenols, parabens, biphenyls, carbanilides, and salicylanilides are represented. The partition chromatographic technique does not separate 3,4’,5-tribromosalicylanilide (TBS) from hexachlorophene or Irgasan DP 300. However, the UV determination of these compounds was accomplished by utilizing an absorption maximum of TBS which does not coincide with that of the other 2 preservatives. Recoveries averaged 97% for all the compounds studied.

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