Fatal hemoptysis

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Abstract
Hemoptysis as a result of leaking aortic aneurysms occurs rarely and has a high fatality rate. A case of chronic hemoptysis resulting from an aortobronchial fistula in a patient with an aortic prosthesis is reported. Hemoptysis, even when chronic, should prompt investigation of the possibility of a leaking graft in patients with prosthetic aortic grafts. Chest x-ray and bronchoscopy usually yield nonspecific findings. Aortography may demonstrate an aortic aneurysm and is the preferred diagnostic procedure; however, an aggressive surgical approach is often necessary.

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