Heterogeneity of vertebrate brain tubulins.

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Abstract
The extent of brain tubulin heterogeneity in 6 vertebrate species commonly used in tubulin research (rat, calf, pig, chicken, human and lamb) was examined using isoelectric focusing, 2-dimensional electrophoresis and peptide mapping procedures that provide higher resolution than previously available. The extent of heterogeneity is extremely similar in all of these organisms, as judged by number, range of isoelectric points and distribution of the isotubulins. A minimum of 6 .alpha. and 12 .beta. tubulins was resolved from all sources. Even the pattern of spots on 2-dimensional peptide maps is remarkably similar. These similarities suggest that the populations of tubulin in all of these brains should have similar overall physical properties. It is particularly interesting that chicken, which has only 4 or 5-.beta.-tubulin genes, contains approximately 12 .beta. tubulins. Thus, post-translational modification must generate at least some of the tubulin heterogeneity. Mammalian species, which contain 15-20 tubulin DNA sequences, do not show any more tubulin protein heterogeneity than does chicken. Expression of only a small number of the mammalian genes may be required to generate the observed tubulin heterogeneity.

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