In Vivo Urothelial Surface Histology by Microscopic Chromocystoscopy

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Abstract
Microscopic chromocystoscopy is a new in vivo procedure developed to aid in the detection and treatment of [human] bladder tumors. Intravesical ionic dye chromocystoscopy was introduced to permit cystoscopic viewing with ordinary light of selectively stained malignant urothelial surfaces by the cationic dye, methylene blue. With the recent availability of the Hamou hysteroscope, a microscopic endoscope, intravesical ionic dye chromocystoscopy was combined with microscopic cystoscopy to give in vivo urothelial surface histology, with resolution of cytological detail. The new method and preliminary results with this procedure, which was designated in vivo urothelial surface histology by microscopic chromocystoscopy, are described.