Hydrologic Evaluations in Bridge Pier Scour Design

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Abstract
Several hydrologic evaluations are important for the design of bridge piers to protect them against stream bed scour: (1) prediction of the local stage versus discharge relation; (2) determination of appropriate design floods, their recurrence intervals, and their stages; (3) selection of suitable stream bed reference elevations; (4) assessment of hydrograph influences on channel stability with respect to channel alignment, stream bed configuration, and stream bed degradation; (5) evaluation of the effects of dams, dredging, and sand-and-gravel operations upon sediment transport near bridge piers; (6) evaluation of the effects of scour protection measures; and (7) anticipation of the magnitude of debris transport during floods as related to river stage and to watershed conditions. Method and difficulties in making these hydrologic evaluations are examined. The techniques considered rely mainly upon the development and analysis of stream gaging records and the analysis of aerial photographs.

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