The human B lymphocyte and carcinoma antigen, CDw40, is a phosphoprotein involved in growth signal transduction.

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Abstract
The human B lymphocyte and carcinoma-associated Ag, CDw40, (p50, Bp50) is a receptor candidate for normal growth regulation. Interaction of mAb with this pan-B Ag, together with preactivating agents such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate or anti-mu, deliver strong growth-promoting signals to the cells. We here demonstrate that signaling through this Ag is dependent on its aggregation on the cell surface. Thus, monovalent antibody fragments were relatively inefficient in this respect but effectively blocked stimulation by intact antibody. By using affinity purified CDw40 protein we have also demonstrated that it is antigenically distinct from other B cell-associated Ag, including the six differentiation clusters CD19 to CD24. The mAb S2C6 and G28.5, prepared by immunizing mice with human bladder carcinoma cells or tonsillar B-cells, respectively, were the only antibodies giving detectable binding. Either of these antibodies could also completely block the binding of the other, suggesting an identity or structural proximity of the epitopes recognized. The CDw40 Ag was shown to be a phosphoprotein lacking intrinsic protein kinase activity. The results provide further evidence for CDw40 being an important B cell growth factor receptor which may also have growth regulatory functions in the development of certain human carcinomas.