Albinism and Visual Pathways

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Abstract
Oculocutaneous albinism is an autosomal recessive disorder that is distinguished by uniform hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes. Involvement limited to the eyes (ocular albinism) has also been described. Because a lack of melanin pigment results in reduced photoprotection of the skin, carcinomas may develop in exposed areas. A similar loss of photoprotection in the eyes leads to photophobia. Less often appreciated, however, are more complex disturbances of the visual system, which are common in albinism and other conditions characterized by hypopigmentation.Most higher vertebrates use binocular vision, which implies that corresponding points in both retinas project to the . . .