Additional Observations on Responses to Resistive Loading of the Jaw

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Abstract
Unpredicted resistive loads were applied to the human jaw during speech production. These loads were initiated during the jaw closing movement for production of a bilabial stop. Peak activity may not be a good measure of increased muscle activity during jaw loading, and therefore, integration of the rectified electromyographic signals corresponding to the labial closing gesture were used to detect increases in labial activity. There was an increase in electromyographic activity in response to jaw loading that averaged 26% in orbicularis oris superior, 21% in depressor amguli oris and 13% in buccinator. The labial muscles apparently made active compensatory adjustments to provide increased lip movements.

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