Functional Response of Nabis americoferus to Two of its Prey, Spodoptera exigua and Lygus hesperus

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Abstract
The maximum rate of prey consumption and the functional responses of 4th- and 5th-instar nymphs, prereproductive, unmated adults, and reproductively mature females of Nabis americoferus Carayon (Hemiptera: Nabidae) were determined. Consumption increased with nymphal instar and was greatest for reproductive females. Attack rates were highest and handling times lowest for reproductively mature females, whereas prereproductive adults had the lowest attack rates and highest handling times of the stages tested. Attack rates were shown to vary with prey type and structural complexity of the universe.

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