Conditions for a ferromagnetic ground state of Ising and Heisenberg models with an external magnetic field
- 1 September 1981
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 24 (5) , 2570-2576
- https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.24.2570
Abstract
For the isotropic Heisenberg Hamiltonian with ferromagnetic nearest-, antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor interactions, and an external magnetic field: , , necessary and sufficient conditions for a ferromagnetic ground state are obtained for some Bravais lattices with periodic boundaries and arbitrary spin . For the square and cubic lattices the sufficient conditions possess a nontrivial dependence. These conditions are compared with the thresholds for the Ising and classical Heisenberg model. Threshold inequalities are generalized to the case . The zero-temperature magnetization and susceptibility are discussed for the classical and quantum case. For the square lattice with only 4 sites the magnetization as function of shows a qualitatively different behavior in the quantum case for and , respectively. Sufficient, necessary, and threshold conditions are also derived for the nearest-neighbor antiferromagnet and the Heisenberg model with arbitrary coupling constants () in an external field.
Keywords
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