Clock Control of Ultradian Respiratory Oscillation Found during Yeast Continuous Culture

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Abstract
A short-period autonomous respiratory ultradian oscillation (period ≈ 40 min) occurs during aerobic Saccharomyces cerevisiae continuous culture and is most conveniently studied by monitoring dissolved O 2 concentrations. The resulting data are high quality and reveal fundamental information regarding cellular dynamics. The phase diagram and discrete fast Fourier transformation of the dissolved O 2 values revealed a square waveform with at least eight harmonic peaks. Stepwise changes in temperature revealed that the oscillation was temperature compensated at temperatures ranging from 27 to 34°C when either glucose (temperature quotient [Q 10 ] = 1.02) or ethanol (Q 10 = 0.82) was used as a carbon source. After alteration of the temperature beyond the temperature compensation region, phase coherence events for individual cells were quickly lost. As the cell doubling rate decreased from 15.5 to 9.2 h (a factor of 1.68), the periodicity decreased by a factor of 1.26. This indicated that there was a degree of nutrient compensation. Outside the range of dilution rates at which stable oscillation occurred, the mode of oscillation changed. The oscillation in respiratory output is therefore under clock control.