Experimental cellular immune reactions in the gingiva of beagle dogs

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Abstract
Four Beagle dogs were sensitized to 1‐dinitro‐2.4 chlorobenzene (DNCB) during a preexperimental period of three months. The animals were fed a hard diet and subjected to plaque removal three times weekly throughout the study. During the experimental period of 75 days DNCB was applied to the gingiva three times weekly on one side of the jaws and the vehicle (Orabase) was applied on the other. Gingival biopsies were taken on day 75 of the experiment. Semithin sections were subjected to light microscopic analysis using morphometric point counting procedures. The mor0phometic data showed that the gingiva on the experimental (DNCB) side contained leukocyte inflitrates dominated by mononuclear inflammatory cells, in the marginal oral epithelium, junctional epithelium as well as in the connective tissue immediately below these epithelia. The oral epithelium was the site of severe alterations such as intercellular edema and lack of a stratum corneum. In the diseased portion of the connective tissue the establishment of a lymphocyte‐macrophage dominated infiltrate was secured simultaneously with a drastic reduction of the collagen content.The results of the study indicate that the reaction elicited in the tissues was related to delayed hypersensitivity and that the establishment of an experimental cellular immune reaction caused damage to the gingival structures.

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