Recent Mortality Trends in the Three Baltic Republics

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Abstract
Trends in men's and women's and in urban-rural mortality and life expectancy in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in the post-war period are examined and compared to those in the U.S.S.R. and European countries. Some comparisons with the pre-war data are made. Mortality rates by main causes of death during the 1980s are analysed. At the end of the 1950s life expectancy in the Baltic Republics was higher than in Eastern Europe, but for females it was higher than the average level in Europe. During the following decades this advantage was lost. The causes of this change are connected with common drawbacks in social policy, and the influence of consequences of wars and mass repressions during the 1940s and 1950s. The campaign against alcoholism which culminated in 1985–87 contributed to a fall of mortality; however, a deterioration of the social and ecological situation has halted the continued growth of life expectancy.

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