Excitation of Generalized Giant Collective Multipole States by Electron Scattering

A new collective model for finite nuclei is presented which treats all of the four types of excitations of nuclear matter in arbitrary orbital-angular-momentum states. The model avoids the normal assumption of a constant ground-state density by generating the collective motion through a coordinate-scale-factor transformation of the ground-state density distribution. The cross sections for excitation of these generalized collective states by inelastic electron scattering are calculated for monopole and quadrupole oscillations. A specific application to the 180° inelastic scattering of electrons from ${}_{}{}^{16}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{O}$ is given. It is shown that the model exhausts the corresponding multipole sum rules.