Multiple sclerosis

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Abstract
Article abstract Interferon beta (IFNβ) reduces the relapse rate, disease activity as measured by serial MRI scanning, and disease progression of MS. Therapy with IFNβ may be associated with a number of adverse reactions. Relatively frequent side effects include flu-like symptoms, transient laboratory abnormalities, menstrual disorders, and increased spasticity. Dermal injection site reactions occur after subcutaneous application of IFNβ-1b and IFNβ-1a. Possible side effects of IFNβ include various autoimmune reactions, capillary leak syndrome, anaphylactic shock, thrombotic-thrombocytopenic purpura, insomnia, headache, alopecia, and depression. We discuss the mechanisms and management of the different side effects of IFNβ.