Abstract
Summary A study of one operated case and fifty clinical cases of the chronic form of cerebral schistosomiasis in the Kofu District of Japan during the period from 1947 to 1954 is presented. More than half of space-occupying lesions found in this District are presumed to be attributable to the chronic form of cerebral schistosomiasis. The neurologic features as well as the physical and laboratory findings in the present series are similar to those previously reported although eosinophilia was noted in the spinal fluid in one–third of the cases studied in this series. Chemotherapy with antimonial drugs is the most suitable form of treatment of cerebral schistosomiasis. The dramatic clinical effect of these drugs as well as on the eosinophilia in the spinal fluid are important corroborative elements in the diagnosis.