Abstract
This chapter aims to show the similarities and differences between the main systems of local self-government in the Western democracies and to provide a background to the developments in particular countries that are described in the following chapters, particularly having regard to local government status, structures and activities. It sketches, very briefly, some of the history necessary for an understanding of what is held in common and how principal differences are to be explained amongst the member states of the Council of Europe. It relates closely to the conclusions of Chapters 3 and 15 below.

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