Heterokaryon formation in Coprinus lagopus

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Abstract
1. The four possible kinds of heterokaryon of Coprinus lagopus with no, one or both mating-type factors in common (dikaryon, common A, common B and common AB) were produced. Analysis of hyphal tips of common A and common AB heterokaryons has shown that both nuclei may be present in the same hypha.2. All four heterokaryons are prototrophic when synthesized from two auxotrophic components with different requirements.3. When synthesized in this way compatible heterokaryons were stable in all tests, but the other heterokaryons showed different degrees of stability. Common B heterokaryons were the most stable and rarely gave rise to monokaryotic mycelia. Dissociation of the common A and the common AB heterokaryon into either component took place much more easily.4. Comparisons of the growth-rates of wild-type heterokaryons on complete medium show that common A heterokaryons are less vigorous, and dikaryons more vigorous than their monokaryon components. On minimal medium both compatible and common A heterokaryons are less vigorous than their wild-type monokaryon components. The possible reasons for this are discussed.5. Fruit-bodies have been obtained from both common A and common B heterokaryons. Both types showed normal segregation at the heterozygous locus (B or A), but showed in addition the segregation of new reactions at the ‘homozygous’ locus.