Gingival cyst in adults

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Abstract
A retrospective study is reported of 14 cases of gingival cyst of adults. Clinical data were pooled with well‐documented cases in the literature. Most cases occurred in the 5th and 6th decades and in the premolar‐canine‐incisor area. Microscopically, the epithelial lining ranged from a thin, flat to cuboidal layer, 1‐3 cells thick, resembling reduced enamel epithelium, to a nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium without rete ridges, of about 5–6 layers. Epithelial cells were frequently atrophic and this could involve the full thickness of the epithelium leaving an amorphous band of eosinophilic material. Plaque‐like epithelial thickenings are sometimes present. Multicystic or “botryoid” forms may occur. The cysts are of developmental origin, arising either from basal cell extensions of overlying epithelium; or from postfunctional odontogenic epithelial residues of the dental lamina or rests of Malassez; or from junctional epithelium in the gingival crevice. The latter theory of origin is favored.

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