Juvenile Renal Stone Disease: A Study of Urinary Promoting and Inhibiting Factors

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Abstract
Urinary excretion of the most widely studied renal stone promoting (calcium, oxalate, uric acid and phosphate) and inhibiting (citrate, Mg, PPi and glycosaminoglycans) factors, as well as the Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein, was evaluated in 14 children with idiopathic Ca nephrolithiasis, 6 children with renal stone disease secondary to excretory malformations and 19 normal controls. No statistically significant differences in urinary excretion of promoting and inhibiting factors were found in children with idiopathic Ca nephrolithiasis but the relationship between promoting and inhibiting factors was changed as shown by an abnormal ratio of oxalate/citrate .times. glycosaminoglycans. Evidently there is an imbalance between promoting and inhibiting factors in children with idiopathic Ca nephrolithiasis, and it is not detected by assay of each single substance.