Vertical-Pull Technique for Evaluating Tolerance of Corn Root Systems to Northern and Western Corn Rootworms123

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Abstract
The objective of this research war to develop techniques and criteria by which corn lines could be judged as susceptible or tolerant to western corn rootworms, Diabrotica virgifera LeConte, and northern corn rootworms, D. longicornis (Say). Vertical pull, in pounds, required to remove a plant from the soil was compared with the number of root nodes (N), the number of roots on the N-1 node (the first node below the top set of brace roots), damage, regeneration, secondary roots, angle of roots in relation to stalk, and a visual evaluation of the extensiveness and symmetry of the system. Statistical analysis based on multiple regression, correlations, and partial correlations indicated a relationship between various criteria. The study indicated that the pounds pull is an efficient and useful method of obtaining quantitative data.

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