Evidence for a Novel Gene Expression Program in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells fromMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis-Infected Cattle

Open Access
Publisher Website
Google Scholar
Abstract
A bovine-specific cDNA microarray system was used to compare gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from control uninfected (n= 4) and Johne's disease-positive (n= 6) Holstein cows. Microarray experiments were designed so that for each animal, a direct comparison was made between PBMCs stimulated in vitro withMycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisand PBMCs stimulated with phosphate-buffered saline (nil-stimulated PBMCs). As expected,M. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisstimulation of infected cow PBMCs enhanced expression of gamma interferon transcripts. In addition, expression of 15 other genes was significantly affected (>1.25-fold change;P< 0.05) by in vitro stimulation withM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis. Similar treatment of control cow PBMCs withM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosisresulted in significant changes in expression of 13 genes, only 2 of which were also affected in PBMCs from the infected cow PBMCs. To compare gene expression patterns in the two cow infection groups (infected cows and uninfected cows), a mixed-model analysis was performed with the microarray data. This analysis indicated that there were major differences in the gene expression patterns between cells isolated from the two groups of cows, regardless of in vitro stimulation. A total of 86 genes were significantly differentially expressed (P< 0.01) inM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis-stimulated PBMCs from infected cows compared to expression in similarly treated PBMCs from control cows. Surprisingly, a larger number of genes (110 genes) were also found to be significantly differentially expressed (P< 0.01) in nil-stimulated cells from the two infection groups. The expression patterns of selected genes were substantiated by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that there were no gross differences in the relative populations of major immune cell types in PBMCs from infected and control cows. Thus, data presented in this report indicate that the gene expression program of PBMCs fromM. aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis-infected cows is inherently different from that of cells from control uninfected cows.