Novel fiber devices and sensors based on multimode fiber Bragg gratings

Abstract
Two categories of multimode fiber Bragg grating (MMFBG) are possible, independent mode and mode coupling, each leads to novel types of fiber devices and sensors. All-mode, wave optics calculations of the reflectivity of independent mode MMFBG are presented, including the effects of individual mode power changes due to microbending transducer loss upstream from the grating. MMFBG offer added flexibility in grating design and performance characteristics compared to single mode FBG, since the reflectivity response may be tuned by the spatial periodicity, length, core size, numerical aperture, and mode coupling characteristics of the grating. New sensing and diagnostic methods that are possible with these gratings and some methods for sensor addressing and multiplexing are described.

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