${\pi }^{\pm }p$ Elastic Scattering and ${\pi }^{+}p\to K^{+}{\Sigma }^{+}$ at 5.0 GeV/c Near $-t=3.0\mathrm{}$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^2$

We have measured the reactions ${\pi }^{\pm }p\to {\pi }^{\pm }p$ and ${\pi }^{+}p\to K^{+}{\Sigma }^{+}$ at 5.0 GeV/c in the region $2.2<-t<\mathrm{}3.5\mathrm{}$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^2$. We find the minimum cross section of the dip at $-t=2.8\mathrm{}$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^2$ in ${\pi }^{+}p$ elastic scattering to be 0.16 ± 0.05 ${\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{b}/\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}}^2$. The ${\pi }^{-}p$ differential cross section exhibits similar structure, while the ${\pi }^{+}p\to K^{+}{\Sigma }^{+}$ channel shows a steady decline in cross section as $\mathrm{}\left|t\right|\mathrm{}$ increases. The polarization of the ${\Sigma }^{+}$ remains large and positive to at least $-t=2.8\mathrm{}$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^2$.