Simultaneous gas- and plasma-driven hydrogen transport in solids

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Abstract
The transport parameter formalism for evaluating the steady-state hydrogen (tritium) inventory, permeation rate, and recycle time for surfaces exposed to the plasma of an operating magnetic confinement fusion reactor has been extended to include synergistic effects of gas- and plasma-driven permeation. This steady-state formalism includes hydrogen trapping, recombination barriers to release at inner and outer surfaces, diffusion, and effects of thermal gradients (e.g., Ludwig–Soret effect) and is applicable to simultaneous plasma-driven and gas-driven hydrogen injection. In addition to providing a simple way of calculating the magnitude of these important tritium-related concerns, the transport parameter together with the ratio of the recombination coefficients at the two surfaces can also be used to classify the nature of these processes as to whether they are rate limited by bulk diffusion or surface recombination. New simple equations are derived which define these various regimes, and a new regime is identified which could influence permeation-probe measurements of plasma-edge fluxes.

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