Incidence of and reasons for disability pension in a Swedish cohort of middle-aged men

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Abstract
The prevalence of disability pensions was investigated among 5 birthyear cohorts (1926–30) of male residents in Malmö, Sweden (N=7,697). They were invited to a screening programme in the mid-1970s. Disability pension and mortality data were identified from national computerized databases. At the end of follow-up (the calendar year of their 58th birthday), 1,391 (18%) had been granted a disability pension and 655 (9%) had died. The most frequent causes for disability pension, accounting for 74% of the cases, were musculoskeletal diseases, mental disorders (including alcohol dependence) and diseases of the circulatory system. Alcohol dependence was more common among those who refrained from participating in the screening programme, while musculoskeletal and neurological diseases were more common among those who did participate. Mental disorders (including alcohol dependence) predominated in younger and musculoskeletal diseases in older age groups. Both alcohol dependence and non-participation in health screening were related to the risk of a disability pension. To be used for identifying subjects at risk for disability pension, health screenings should be designed to reach as many of the usual non-participants as possible and should be targeted at men in younger ages.

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