Phase-matching property optimization using birefringence tuning in solid solutions of KTiOPO4 isomorphs

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Abstract
We report here the linear and nonlinear optical properties of the solid‐solutions KTiOPxAs1−xO4 and Cs1−xKxTiOAsO4. Single domain crystals of these solid solutions were grown using a high temperature solution growth technique. By varying the compositional parameter x, the optical birefringence of these crystals was tuned to achieve noncritically phase‐matched type II frequency doubling of the 1.064 and 1.32 μm lines of Nd:YAG. Near optimal compositions for these two applications, and their associated phase‐matching angles, temperature bandwidths and angular acceptances are presented. The birefringence of KTiOPxAs1−xO4 exhibits a Vegard dependence on x, and the phase‐matching property optimization amounts to an accurate determination of the partition coefficients for P and As suitable for crystal growth. For the Cs1−xKxTiOAsO4 solid solution, a non‐Vegard dependence of the crystal birefringence and the cell constants was observed. This is believed to be due to the preferential occupation of the larger K(2) site by Cs.