Multicomponent Phase Diagrams for Battery Applications: II . Oxygen Impurities in the Battery Cathode

Abstract
The effect on the voltage response of the thermal battery due to , , and impurities in the cathode has been studied. Calculations were made of the pertinent equilibrium phase relations in the Li‐Fe‐S‐O system at 400°C, and of the voltage of each of the four‐phase regions vs. a Li(Si) anode (44 weight percent Li). The calculations showed that these impurities in the cathode can all cause voltages that are higher than the steady‐state voltage of the battery. The study showed that equilibrating cathode material that contains oxygen impurities with a small amount of a compound containing Li shifts the overall cathode composition into one of three four‐phase regions that exhibits the steady‐state battery voltage.

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