Lake Michigan water levels and the development of Holocene beach-ridge complexes at Two Rivers, Wisconsin: Stratigraphic, geomorphic, and radiocarbon evidence

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Abstract
Two beach-ridge complexes formed at Two Rivers, Wisconsin, on the west shore of Lake Michigan during the past 5700 yr. Auger drilling, closely spaced vibracoring, and subsurface geophysical profiling using ground-penetrating radar along two eastwest transects across ridges and swales indicate that several facies of beach sediment are capped with dune sand. C-14 ages were obtained from basal-peat deposits collected from swales between successive beach ridges. Associated lake levels were interpreted from the elevation of coarse foreshore deposits observed on the east (basin-ward) side of the next lakeward beach ridge. C-14 ages, geomorphic relationships, and stratigraphic interpretations indicate that progradation and water-level drop followed a major transgression. Lake level fluctuated on a scale of 1.7-2 m during the past 3000 yr.
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