Effect of implants on healing of experimental furcation defects in dogs

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Abstract
This study was performed to find out whether implants around periodontally involved teeth during reconstructive surgery would support replaced flaps and prolong gingival coverage of treated root surfaces facilitating new attachment. Through-and-through furcation defects were made in the mandibular 2nd, 3rd and 4th premolars of 10 beagle dogs. Bone was surgically removed from the furcation and from the circumference of each tooth to a level 3 to 4 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction. Steel wires were passed through the furcations and ligated to enhance plaque formation. At 6 wk, wires were removed. At 12 wk, during reconstructive surgery, 4 dogs received implants of autogenous intraoral cancellous bone, 2 of autogenous iliac cancellous bone and marrow, 2 of Proplast and 2 of Avitene. None of 12 teeth implanted with Avitene or Proplast showd new attachment. Only 2 of 6 teeth implanted with autogenous iliac bone showed new attachment, combined with extensive root resorption and ankylosis. Of 12 teeth implanted with autogenous intraroral bone, 6 showed new attachment. Flap support by intraoral cancellous bone implants may facilitate new attachment. A more predictable technique needs to be developed.