The Effect of Zidovudine and 2′3'‐Dideoxyinosine on Human Trophoblast in Culture

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Abstract
Trophoblast from term and first trimester placenta, maintained in culture, were exposed to 20 μmoles/1 zidovudine or 2′3'dideoxyinosine. Several indices of function were measured and compared to control trophoblast in parallel culture. The results from individual placentas were examined by Student's t-test and cumulative results by ANOVA. Neither zidovudine or 2′3'-dideoxyinosine had statistically significant effects on the function of term trophoblast, following a 48 hr exposure to the drug as indicated by hCG secretion, protein synthesis and glucose consumption. In one of five placentas exposed to zidovudine, progesterone secretion was reduced as compared to its control but remained in the high range. Zidovudine had no significant effect on cultured trophoblast isolated from first trimester placenta even after prolonged exposure to the drug for eleven days. Both term and first trimester trophoblast in culture tolerate prolonged exposure to high concentrations of zidovudine or 2′3'-dideoxyinosine. Human trophoblast in culture provides a safe in vitro model for the screening of drugs intended for use during pregnancy.