The new genus Actinobispora is described. The organisms of this genus are gram positive and aerobic and produce spores in longitudinal pairs on vegetative mycelium and in longitudinal pairs or singly on aerial mycelium. The cell wall contains meso-diaminopimelic acid, and whole-cell hydrolysates contain galactose, arabinose, and xylose (an unusual type IV cell wall); the phospholipid pattern is of type PIV; the major menaquinones are MK-7(H2) and MK-9(H2). No mycolic acids are present. The guanine-plus-cytosine of the DNA is 71.0 mol%. The type species of this genus is Actinobispora yunnanensis. The type strain of this new species is strain Y-11981 (=CCTCC M 90959).